Yangon: blood, dreams, gold 1/3

YANGON: BLOOD, DREAMS, GOLD 1/3

Yangon: blood, dreams, gold 1/3

Before describing the short journey undertaken in Myanmar during the end of 2018, it is necessary to understand, at least superficially, the social, historical and political dynamics that have contributed to forming this Southeast Asian state.
A few centuries before the birth of Christ, present-day Myanmar coincided with the constitution of the Pyu city-states. The Pyu population, presumably of Sino-Tibetan origin, integrated into the Bamar ethnic group, still the predominant one today, and spread Buddhism.

Being the nation that most embodies its millennial spirit, it is practically impossible to keep the history of Myanmar separate from religion, with all its social implications.
Buddhist monk near Inle Lake.
Buddhist monk near Inle Lake.

As a small example of this inseparable union we can say that all the people with whom we tried to exchange four words in English followed the 5 precepts (do not kill; do not take what is not given; refrain from sexual misconduct; do not lie; do not drink drinks. fermented that cause inattention), which are the foundation for a virtuous life conduct that has as its final goal the liberation from suffering.
As mentioned earlier, this peaceful way of life was brought about by the Pyu civilization.

They were very peaceful, and this non-belligerence allowed them to engage in trade with China and India, turning their cities into attractive trade routes.

Ancient temple on the Bagan plain.
Ancient temple on the Bagan plain.

The Pyu period ended around AD 850. with the birth of the Pagan Empire (now Bagan), which was the first to unify the regions that would later form Myanmar.
The rulers ruled over the Irrawaddy valley for almost 3 centuries, laying the socio-cultural foundations of contemporary Myanmar, and allowing the widespread diffusion of Buddhism throughout Indochina.
The religious excessive power coincided with the decline of this empire, the end of which was officially decreed by the repeated Mongol invasions towards the end of 1200 AD.
Subsequently, the ball of power of the area passed to various dynasties, which more or less all wanted to keep the ancient area of Ava as the capital of their kingdom.

Ruins in ancient Ava.
Ruins in ancient Ava.

This period began in 1300, and ended in 1800 with the British conquest and the subsequent colonial period.
As happened in any place touched by colonialism, Myanmar was exploited for the export of its agricultural goods, its raw materials, its oil and its precious minerals, and some beautiful forests were completely cleared to build ships and train cars. Indians.
The British reorganized the territory in a colonial style, annexed it to India, and tried to repress their culture, their history and their traditions.

Abandoned colonial-era building in Yangon.
Abandoned colonial-era building in Yangon.

This modernization, which brought positive roads, railways, schools, universities and a sort of bicameral democratic parliamentary system, on the other hand unleashed the hostility of the feudal aristocracy and the Buddhist clergy, robbed of their privileges.
In 1937, in full social ferment, Myanmar was established as a separate colony from India, but in 1942 it was invaded by the Japanese during the Second World War.
The Burmese first welcomed them as liberators, but following their brutal violence they passed to the Allies.
After the war, Aung San tried to gain independence and peacefully reunite the ethnic groups, but was killed in 1947.
Independence that finally took place the following year, sanctioning precarious stability until 1962, when the military carried out a coup d'état and established their oppressive regime.

Thus it was that Myanmar isolated itself from the rest of the world, becoming one of the poorest nations despite its immense resources and exceptional historical-cultural wealth.

Religious belief in Myanmar is still one of the most characteristic elements of the nation.
Religious belief in Myanmar is still one of the most characteristic elements of the nation.

Aung San Suu Kyi's democratic movement sprouted in the 1980s and spread more and more among the population tired of this dictatorship which reduced them to starvation.
The military loosened their grip until in 2016 they decided to hold free elections, after a long process of "demilitarization", which sanctioned Aung San Suu Kyi as the first democratically elected president of Myanmar.

Myanmar, despite some problems (such as the treatment of the Rohingya Islamic minority) opened up to the world, making its immense cultural wealth known to tourists, until in 2021, still eager for power, the military fell back with another blow of state, throwing this beautiful country back into shadow.

That's all! If you like this text or have any question, leave a comment below.

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